Geography and nature of some english speaking countries. Part 1

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GEOGRAPHY AND NATURE OF SOME ENGLISH SPEAKING COUNTRIES

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You study English at school and you know that in Great Britain, the United States of America, Canada, Australia, New Zealand the English language is the mother tongue of the majority of the people. In this film-strip we show you geography and nature of these countries.

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The protection of nature has become one of the actual problems of the 20th century. More and more people in the world raise their voices in defence of nature. But only in the Soviet Union much work was done and is being done in this field. In capitalist countries many animals and birds can be found only in the Zoos. There are also special territories (called national parks), but even there there are not many animals.

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GREAT BRITAIN

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The British Isles lie off the north-western shores of Europe. The two largest of them are Great Britain and Ireland. Great Britain consists of England, Scotland and Wales. Ireland consists of Northern Ireland and the Irish Republic.

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The coast of Great Britain has wide sand beaches, high hills, rocks and many fine natural harbours.

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In the south are situated the chalk cliffs of Dover and Beachy Head.

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The land of England is flat. The Pennines are the low broad chain of hills. They are treeless moorland covered with grass.

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The Cumbrian Mountains of Wales have bare rocky slopes, some woods and sharper peaks than the Pennines. Snowdon is the highest mountain of Wales.

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Scotland is a mountainous country, especially in the north.

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Ben Oulabin. The Highlands form the greater part of the North of Scotland.

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Ben Nevis of Scotland is the highest peak of Great Britaln.

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The Lake District of England is famous for its beautiful lakes.

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There are some fine lakes in Wales and Scotland.

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The British Isles have many rivers but they are not very long.

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The Thames is the most important river of Great Britain.London, the capital of the country is situated on it.

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The climate of the British Isles is generally mild, not very cold in winter and never very hot in summer. The rivers do not freeze, and snow never lies on the ground for long, except in the north, especially in the Highlands of Scotland. Mountains of Scotland

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All parts of the British Isles have a lot of rain in all seasons. Sheep and cattle can find food in the meadows all year round.

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There are no great forests in the British Isles today. Historically, the most famous forest is Sherwood Forest, in the east of England. It was the home of Robin Hood.

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In England and Wales the most common trees are oak, beech, ash and elm.

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In Scotland there ary many birches and pines.

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The fauna of Great Britain is similar to that of North-Western Europe.

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Many birds of Great Britain are known to us as they live in our country.

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USA

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The USA is situated in the central part of the North American continent. In the north the USA boarders on Canada and in the south—on Mexico.

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Its western coast is washed by the Pacific Ocean.

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And its eastern coast—by the Atlantic Ocean.

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The continental part of the USA consists of two highland and two lowland regions. The highland regions are the Cordillera stretching along the Pacific coast with Sierra Nevada in the south and the Rocky Mountains in the north. The Rocky Mountains

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The second highland region Is the Appalachian Mountains.

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Between the Cordillera and the Appalachians are central lowlands which are called the prairie. Wheat and other crops are grown there.

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The eastern lowlands are called the Mississippi valley as they stretch along the Mississippi river, the longest river of the North America. The climate here is very damp.

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The plateaus between the Cordillera ranges are desert and semidesert.

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Indian Reservation.

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The principal rivers of the USA are the Mississippi which flows into the Gulf of Mexico, the Colorado, the Columbia, the Hudson River. The Colorado River.

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The Grand Canyon on the Colorado River (Arizona) is one of the best known wonders of nature.

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It is 277 miles long and a mile deep.

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The five Great Lakes between the USA and Canada are joined by short rivers or canals to the Atlantic Ocean.

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The climate in the USA differs greatly from one part of the country to another. The coldest climate is in the north, where there is heavy snow in winter and the temperature may go down to 40 degrees below zero.

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The south has a subtropical climate, with temperature as high as 49 degrees in summer.

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The great forest belt stretches from the Pacific to the Atlantic. The chief trees are as in Siberian taiga: fir , pine , silver fir and larch.

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There are still sequoias In the Cordilleras that reach a height over 100 metres and may be several thousand years old.

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There are bears and foxes in the forests. Such valuable fur-bearing animals as racoon and muskrat survive only in National Parks.

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Before the coming of the Europeans great herds of bisons used to roam the plains.

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Now only a few are left In National Parks and Zoos.

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There are many different birds In the USA. Among them is the Brown Pelican living on the coast of California.

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The Ivory-Billed Woodpecker inhabits the cypress forests of the southern States. On the Pacific coast live Californian quails that feed on seeds, insects and fruit.

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CANADA

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Canada occupies the northern part of the continent of North America and a number of islands (Vancouver in the west, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland in the east and the Victoria, Banks and Baffin Islands in the north). It is surrounded by three oceans—the Atlantic, the Pacific and the Arctic and is the largest country in the world after the USSR.

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The Rocky Mountains stretch parallel to Canada’s Pacific coast.

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East of these mountains are high plains of Alberta and Saskatchewan.

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There are low plains in the region of the Great Lakes and the River St. Lawrence. Manitoba is one of the chief agricultural provinces.

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Canada shares the Great Lakes with the USA. Lake Erie and Lake Ontario are connected with the Niagara River. The Niagara Falls on that river are one of the most splendid sights in the world.

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There are also many other lakes in the country: Great Slave Lake, Great Bear Lake, Winnipeg etc.

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The Mackenzie Canada has many large rivers: the Mackenzie, the Mississagi, the Yukon, the Frazer, the Columbia River etc.

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The climate of Canada varies from Arctic in the north, with winter temperature as low as 50 degrees Centigrade, to moderate in the east and west.

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Winter here lasts from four to five months with heavy snowfalls.

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The north of the country Is a cold tundra.

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To the south from tundra great forests stretch from Newfoundland to British Columbia. Maple is one of the most common trees of the Pacific Coast forests.

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The rivers and streams of the country have much fish. Salmon and trout are netted in many of them.

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mountain goat timber wolf peregrine falcone Wild life of Canada. cougar

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The early history of Canada was connected with fur trade. Now wild animals are raised only on special farms.

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The musk ox is a very interesting animal. It lives only in Canada and Greenland. The animal has the longest hair in the world (over 50 cm) and it helps much in frosty weather.

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British Columbia is one of the few places where the Bald Headed Eagle lives. The Puffin or Sea Parrot lives in the north of Canada. They usually nest on islands, often in colonies of thousands.

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THE END OF THE 1st PART